celui de, cela, celui-ci, con relativo (celui qui/que/où)

 Perfect! Let’s explain these French demonstratives and relative pronouns with their meaning and use in French, English, and Spanish:

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1. Celui de

• French: celui de + noun/pronoun

• English: the one of / the one belonging to

• Spanish: el/la de / el que es de

Usage:

Used to refer to a specific thing or person previously mentioned, showing possession or relation.

Example:

• FR: J’aime ce livre, mais celui de Marie est meilleur.

• EN: I like this book, but Marie’s one is better.

• ES: Me gusta este libro, pero el de María es mejor.

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2. Cela

• French: cela (formal) / ça (informal)

• English: that

• Spanish: eso / aquello

Usage:

Used as a demonstrative pronoun to refer to something not close to the speaker.

Example:

• FR: Cela est important.

• EN: That is important.

• ES: Eso es importante.

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3. Celui-ci

• French: celui-ci (masculine singular), celle-ci (feminine singular)

• English: this one (close to the speaker)

• Spanish: este / esta (cerca)

Usage:

Used to point out a specific thing/person close to the speaker.

Example:

• FR: J’aime ce gâteau, mais celui-ci est meilleur.

• EN: I like that cake, but this one is better.

• ES: Me gusta ese pastel, pero este es mejor.

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4. Relatives with celui: celui qui / celui que / celui où

• French:

  • celui qui = the one who (subject)

  • celui que = the one whom / that (object)

  • celui où = the one where (location)

• English:

  • the one who

  • the one whom / that

  • the one where

• Spanish:

  • el que / quien

  • el que / a quien

  • el donde

Examples:

• Celui qui

  • FR: Celui qui parle est mon frère.

  • EN: The one who is speaking is my brother.

  • ES: El que habla es mi hermano.

• Celui que

  • FR: Celui que tu vois est mon ami.

  • EN: The one whom you see is my friend.

  • ES: El que ves es mi amigo.

• Celui où (less common, used for places)

  • FR: C’est la ville celle où je suis né.

  • EN: That’s the city where I was born.

  • ES: Esa es la ciudad donde nací.

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Want me to create some sentences or exercises with these?